February 23, 2012

Predicting the Weather Gets Even Harder With Giant Rocks in the Way

The asteroid (4) Vesta and the dwarf planet (1...

Image via Wikipedia

Asteroids are just the latest element to make predicting the weather difficult. Specifically there are two asteroids, Ceres and Vesta, which are large enough to wreak havoc in earth’s atmosphere. These giant asteroids are large enough to interact with the other planets in Earth’s solar system and in turn this affects the weather. It also makes predicting the weather difficult as shifts in these asteroids flight path may cause weather patterns to change.

In addition to changing weather patterns, asteroids could have a huge effect on the planet if absorbed improperly into Earth’s orbit. A worst case scenario involving an asteroid would entail a direct impact with the Earth. A giant asteroid could cause mass extinction shortly after contact with the planet; a problem much more serious than weather forecasts. The impact from an asteroid would likely cause either a cooling of the globe or an extreme heating of the world. In either case, many lives would likely be lost and there would be impending fallout after the first death toll.

In addition, there would be ground shocks and dust kicked into the atmosphere could make air difficult to breathe. There would also likely be mass fires and tremendous atmospheric pressure. Luckily, there is little fear from astronomers of a direct asteroid hit that would harm the planet. We will likely only be inconvenienced by inaccurate weather forecasts caused by the shifting of these two major asteroids and don’t need to fear an asteroid destroying the planet and life as we know it.

Deflecting an Asteroid: Is It Possible?

Humans seem to be fairly protected here on Earth, but it also seems like the whole planet is hurling through a void filled with obstacles and dangers. Solar flares, Gamma radiation, and asteroids and comets are everywhere. Every once in a while, news comes out that an asteroid may pass close to the planet, and even may collide with it at some point.

These reports are often discounted eventually, but if a large asteroid was going to hit, would there be a way to stop it? One asteroid, named Apophis, has been estimated to have a chance of hitting Earth in 2029. Other estimates have the 885 foot rock smashing the planet later, perhaps in 2036 or 2069.

An impact by something just around 300 feet would kill millions of people, and it would take a rock just over 3,000 feet across to wipe out the human race altogether. The hit and miss chances of such objects coming so close to Earth means that some way must be devised that might deflect them in a dire situation.

The most effective way to destroy something is to use a nuclear bomb. Just exploding the rock won’t do, because smaller ones may end up assaulting the planet, but detonating one nearby could heat up or vaporize parts of the asteroid enough to change its path. Scientists in Russia have also proposed creating a dust cloud in front of one; the particles would strike the rock and create large craters. Enough of them could disintegrate the asteroid altogether.

Launching and landing a rocket engine on an asteroid is another theory. The propulsion from the rocket could move the object away. Not only would the rocket have to be guided correctly and landed with precision, but the proper calculations and control need to be constantly monitored in the process.

There are a few ideas on how to deflect such an object. For the most part, the technology exists for most of them, but the problem is getting the job done right and not inadvertently creating more hazards later on.